153-2012-0258
最近看到有很多网友的留言，关于疫情期间毛孩子的种种问题该如何解决，这也是我们大家最为关注的问题。
特别是近日发生了一起这样的事情，由于疫情防控，一位市民接受隔离，而其饲养的伴侣宠物柯基犬被不当处置，该事件在网上引发了极大热议。4月7日，上海市宠物行业协会发表了《关于暴力打死柯基犬行为的声明》，对暴力打死柯基犬行为严厉谴责！
特此，我们邀请到了上海美谷律师事务所项方亮律师，希望能够跟大家去分享在疫情期间，如何保障毛孩子的权益。
国内越来越多的家庭和个人都饲养宠物，而关于宠物方面的立法缺失，现在亟需建立健全。从法律的角度分析，宠物属于财产权利的一部分。关于“宠物权”（Pet-related rights），无论是法理层面还是实践层面都是非常需要通过立法的形式来予以完善。《中华人民共和国宪法》第十三条明确规定，公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产权和继承权。鉴于此疫情期间宠物的权益如何保障呢？笔者认为，可以从以下几个方面来进行展开：
With more and more individuals and families in China keeping pets, the sound legislation on pets now is in urgent need to be established.As far as law is concerned, pets are a part of the property rights, so the Pet-related rights need to be improved through legislation, both in the legal theory level and in the practical level. Article 13 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China clearly stipulates that citizens' lawful private property shall not be infringed upon.The State shall protect the citizens' private property rights and inheritance rights in accordance with the law.How to protect the rights and interests of pets during the epidemic?The author holds that it can be developed from the following aspects:
1、发生疫情等不可抗力事件的时候，从自力救济的角度分析，如果暂时无法寄养给朋友或者邻居、亲属，宠物主人可以提前准备好粮食、备好多个水碗（最好具有自动循环功能）。在离家前，倒出大量粮食、放置多个盛满水的水碗，同时准备多个可供宠物排泄的装置，尽可能保障宠物独自在家能维系基本生活。
1.In the event of force majeure events such as Covid-19 epidemic, from the perspective of self-relief, pet owners can prepare food and multiple water bowls in advance (preferably with the automatic circulation function), if they cannot find friends or neighbors or relatives to help raise them .Before leaving home, they can pour out a large amount of food, place a number of water bowls full of water, and prepare a number of devices for pet excretion, trying to ensure that pets can maintain a basic life at home alone.
2、宠物的主人因为阳性原因需要被隔离的时候，从公力救济的角度，建议施行隔离的“米兰达规则”（miranda rights），具体可以设计为：是否有宠物等需要交接的事宜，你有选择自己安排的权利，或者有政府相关机构、宠物医院或者宠物救助站等。
2.If Pet owners need to be isolated, from the perspective of public relief, Ithe author suggests isolation of "Miranda rules" , which specifically can be designed : If there is a pet in need of handover, they can either choose to deal with it, or or turn to relevant government agencies, pet hospitals or pet rescue stations.
3、另外从第三方社会团体的角度，包括宠物协会等，可以主动延展和拓展自己的服务功能，建立宠物救助中心，宠物救助热线等平台，通过互联网、大数据等技术手段第一时间体现对宠物的人性关怀。
3.In addition, the third-party social groups, including pet associations, can take the initiative to extend and expand their service functions, establish pet rescue centers, pet rescue hotlines and other platforms, and reflect the human care for pets first through the Internet, big data and other technical means.
本案之中，柯基犬的离去一方面引发我们沉痛的哀思，另外一方面我们希望能够以此为中国宠物权发展历程的标志性事件。
柯基犬作为有灵性的动物，它的生命权如何保障？柯基犬主人的宠物所有权（财产所有权）如何保障？
人类在长期饲养宠物的互动过程中，已经有了情感的融入，这个不仅仅在电影《忠犬八公》的故事里有体现。虽然柯基的主人可以通过民事诉讼来维权，但是我们更需要宠物权的“溯源治理”以及宠物权的“合规治理”，让宠物权成为一种真正的权利，让我们整个社会来珍视宠物！
Concerning this case, on the one hand, the departure of the corgi caused us a deep grief. On the other hand, we wish it to be a landmark in the development of pet rights in China. How can we guarantee the spititual animals rights’ to life?How can we guarantee the pets owners’ ownership (property ownership)?In the interactive process of long-term pet keeping, humans have fitted into a large amount of emotion, which is not only reflected in the story of the film Hachi:A Dog’s Tale.Although the owner of the corgi can protect his rights through civil litigation, we need more "traceability governance" of pet rights and "compliance governance" of pet rights, so that pet rights can become a real right, and our whole society cherish pets!
总之，笔者认为，关于宠物权益的分析，从理论上分为短期、中期和长期的权益保护；突发情况下和常态情形下的权益保护；宠物自身的生命权、健康权（有待商榷）以及宠物主人的监护权（饲养权和探望权）、宠物侵权等不同的范畴。如果发生疫情等突发情况有人电话（或者当面）告知需要扑杀（终止）您的宠物的时候，您一定要在保持客观冷静的基础上，要有证据意识，包括对方的信息核实、执法依据，同时最好做好录音录像（并且明确告知），因为我们必须“为权利而斗争”！
In short, I think that the analysis of pet rights is theoretically divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term rights protection; rights protection in emergency and normal situations; the right to life, the right to health (questionable) and the custody of pet owners (raising and visiting rights) and pet infringement.If the epidemics and other emgency happens and someone call (or face to face) to cull (terminate) your pet, you must keep calm,keep the evidence including the comers’ information verification, law enforcement basis, and meanwhile do the video and audio recording and video ( clearly tell them), because we MUST "fighting for rights"!
备注：米兰达警告（Miranda Warning），又称米兰达权利（Miranda Rights），是美国刑事诉讼中的犯罪嫌疑人保持沉默的权利，起源于1966年美国最高法院“米兰达诉亚利桑那州案（Miranda v. Arizona）”中由美国首席大法官厄尔·沃伦（Earl Warren）所撰写的判决书。
Note: Miranda Warning , also known as Miranda Rights , is the right of a suspect in criminal proceedings in the United States to keep silent, which originated from the judgment written by the Chief Justice of the United States,Earl Warren, in the United States Supreme Court in Miranda v. Arizona (Miranda v. Arizona).
“你有权保持沉默。如果你不保持沉默，那么你所说的一切都能够用作为你的呈堂证供。你有权在受审时请一位律师。如果你付不起律师费的话，我们可以给你请一位。你是否完全了解你的上述权利？”这句话就是著名的“米兰达警告”，也称“米兰达告诫”，即犯罪嫌疑人、被告人在被讯问时，有保持沉默和拒绝回答的权利。
"You have a right to remain silent.If you don't keep silent, then everything you say can be used as your court confession.You have the right to have an attorney while on trial.If you can't afford your attorney fees, we can have one.Do you fully understand your above rights?"This sentence is known as the" Miranda warning ",meaning that suspects and defendants have the right to remain silent and refuse to answer when questioned.
疫情突然爆发，宠物安置也成了一大问题
而这些举措是一座城市，该有的温度。
4月7日上海街头，交警在执勤间隙拿出食物投喂流落街头的小狗。
那么，宠物狗、猫会不会感染新冠病毒？
若感染会否传染给人？
卫健委疾病预防控制专家委员会委员卢洪州曾指出，感染新冠的宠物，到目前为止没把病毒回传给人的情况。
中国农业大学动物医院董军博士也提到，没有证据证明宠物的冠状病毒和人的冠状病毒相同或者交叉传染。
“一旦说主人真的新冠阳性了，建议由专业的人员对宠物进行检测，以及隔离、喂食，直到主人和宠物（核酸）检测阴性，或者解除隔离后，再生活到一起。”
疫情之下，不妨多一些周全的顾虑，多一些温情的手段。让我们科学防疫，善待生命！
上海加油！中国加油！
